• Rat ghrelin (Des-Octanoyl-Ser3): 100%

• Rat & Mouse ghrelin (Octanyol- Ser3): 0.03%

• Human Ghrelin (Octanoyl-Ser3): 0.06%

• Rat Ghrelin (1-11): <0.001%

• Human Ghrelin (1-14): <0.001%

• Human & rat ghrelin (17-28): <0.001%

PRODUCT EXPLANATION: ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE MARKER IN ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAYS

Grassi J., Pradelles P. Compounds labelled by the acetylcholinesterase of Electrophorus Electricus. Its preparation process and its use as a tracer or marquer in enzymo-immunological determinations. United States patent, N° 1,047,330. September 10, 1991

Grassi J., Pradelles P. The use of Acetylcholinesterase as a Universal marker in Enzyme-Immunoassays. Proceedings of the Third International Meeting on Cholinesterases, American Chemical Society (1991)

Pradelles P., Grassi J., Maclouf J.Enzyme Immunoassays of Eicosanoids Using Acetylcholinesterase. Methods in Enzymology (1990), vol. 187, 24-34

PRODUCT EXPLANATION: GHRELIN

Kojima M, Kangawa K. Ghrelin: structure and function. Physiol. Rev ( 2005), 85:495-522

Bluet-Pajot MT, Tolle V, Zizzari P, Tomasetto C, Grouselle D, Epelbaum J. Ghrelin: A striking example of neuroendocrine peptide pleiotropy. Med Sci (Paris), August 1, 2005, 21 (8-9): 715-21

Müller TD, Nogueiras R, Andermann ML et al. Ghrelin. Mol Metab. 2015 Mar 21;4(6):437-60

de Faria Barros A et al. Is there association between acyl-ghrelin and inflammation in hemodialysis patients? J Bras Nefrol. (2013) 35(2):120-126.

Grousselle D et al. Variations des peptides dérivés de la préproghréline au cours du repas dans l’anorexie mentale restrictive. Poster GIR-AFDAS-TCA2014

Delhanty P et al. Des-acyl ghrelin analogs prevent high-fat-diet-induced dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. FASEB J. (2013) 27(4):1690-1700

Costantini, V et al. GSK1614343, a Novel Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist, Produces an Unexpected Increase of Food Intake and Body Weight in Rodents and Dogs. Neuroendocrinology (2011);94:158–168

Porporato E, Filigheddu N et al. Acylated and unAcylated Ghrelin impair skeletal muscle atrophy in mice. J. Clinical Invest (2013) 123(2): 611-622

Sentissi O, Epelbaum J, Olié JP, Poirier MF. Leptin and Ghrelin Levels in Patients With Schizophrenia During Different Antipsychotics Treatment: A Review. Schizophrenia Bulletin (2008) 34(6), 1189–1199

PRODUCT EXPLANATION: KIT VALIDATION

Valentin MA, Ma S, Zhao A, Legay F, Avrameas A. Validation of immunoassay for protein biomarkers: Bioanalytical study plan implementation to support pre-clinical and clinical studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal. (2011) 55(5) : 869-877

European Medicines Agency. Guideline on bioanalytical method validation, 21 July 2011.

CITATIONS OF SPI-BIO HUMAN GHRELIN KITS

Beauloye V, Diene G, Kuppens R et al. High unacylated ghrelin levels support the concept of anorexia in infants with prader-willi syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2016 May 4;11(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s13023-016-0440-0

Kuppens RJ, Diène G, Bakker NE et al. Elevated ratio of acylated to unacylated ghrelin in children and young adults with Prader-Willi syndrome. Endocrine. 2015 Dec;50(3):633-42. doi: 10.1007/s12020-015-0614-x. Epub 2015 May 20

Vestergaard ET, Jessen N, Moller N, Jorgensen JO. Acyl Ghrelin Induces Insulin Resistance Independently of GH, Cortisol, and Free Fatty Acids. Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 15; 7:42706. doi: 10.1038/srep42706

van Adrichem RC, van der Lely AJ, Huisman M et al. Plasma acylated and plasma unacylated ghrelin: useful new biomarkers in patients with neuroendocrine tumors? Endocr Connect. 2016 Jul;5(4):143-51. doi: 10.1530/EC-16-0021. Epub 2016 May 23

Lauritzen ES, Voss T, Kampmann U et al. Circulating acylghrelin levels are suppressed by insulin and increase in response to hypoglycemia in healthy adult volunteers. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015 Apr;172(4):357-62. doi: 10.1530/EJE-14-0880. Epub 2015 Jan 19

Kanat BH, Ayten R, Aydın S et al. Significance of appetite hormone ghrelin and obestatin levels in the assessment of the severity of acute pancreatitis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun;25(3):309-13. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2014.4081

Delhanty P. et al. The Acylated (AG) to Unacylated (UAG) Ghrelin Ratio in Esterase Inhibitor-Treated Blood Is Higher Than Previously Described. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2015 Jan;82(1):142-6. doi: 10.1111/cen.12489. Epub 2014 Jun 2

Homann D. et al. Hyperleptinemia independent of body adiposity in women with fibromyalgia. Rheumatol Int (2014) DOI 10.1007/s00296-014-2988-0

Wasse L. et al. The influence of vigorous running and cycling exercise on hunger perceptions and plasma acylated ghrelin concentrations in lean young men. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.(2013) dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2012-0154

Gungor S. et al. Ghrelins, obestatin, nesfatin-1 and leptin levels in pregnant women with 2 and without hyperemesis gravidarum. Clin Biochem. (2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.01.015

Broom D. et al. Influence of resistance and aerobic exercise on hunger, circulating levels of acylated ghrelin, and peptide YY in healthy males. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol (2009) doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90706.2008

Broom D. et al. Exercise-induced suppression of acylated ghrelin in humans. J Appl Physiol (2007) doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00759.2006

Lee Y. et al. Lupin-enriched bread increases satiety and reduces energy intake acutely. Am J Clin Nutr (2006) doi: 10.3945/ ajcn.2008.26708

Cederberg H. et al. Unacylated ghrelin is associated with changes in body composition and body fat distribution during long-term exercise intervention. European Journal of Endocrinology (2011) DOI: 10.1530/EJE-11-0334